职称英语考试卫生类常考的概括大意精选(3)

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　　Old Man Myths and Realities

　　1 When does a middle-aged mall become an old man? Officially,of course.it't when we reach retirement age.But，as we all know, this is a fairly blunt（生硬的）method of decision making.As life expectancy（预期寿命）increases，retirement planning needs to be changed.This is because being an old mail today is very different from what it was a generation or so ago.

　　2 Sixty—five is the new middle-aged man.These days people are talking about the young—old，that is ages 70-75.and those over 75 as the old-old.The young-old frequently continue in good health and maintain strong links with fiends and family, The old-old have a much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.

　　3 Although men are living longer, there are still more old women than old men.This fact alone should arouse interest as to why.Relatively little is actually known about why this is the case or about the experiences of the old man.Sure, we are aware that the old man experiences anxiety，financial problems，loneliness，etc.but that't really about all we know.

　　4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health.In fact，most old man think their health is good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness.The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they were younger.

　　23 Paragraph 1_____

　　24 Paragraph 2_____

　　25 Paragraph 3_____

　　26 Paragraph 4_____

　　A New Definitions of the Old Man

　　B Changing Concept of the Old Man

　　C Health of the old Man

　　D Happy Old Man And Sad Old Man

　　E Limited Knowledge of the OId Mall's Experiences

　　F Contempt for the Old Man

　　27 Nowadays men generally live longer than_____

　　28 A man in his mid-60s is now regarded as_____

　　29 More research should be done on the experiences of_____

　　30 Most old men consider themselves to be_____

　　A in good health

　　B in the past

　　C in the wrong

　　D the old man

　　E a middle-aged man

　　F a young man

　　答案:

　　23 B 文章第一段主要讲的是，随着预期寿命的增加，“老年男人”的概念与以往相比已经发生了很大的变化。

　　24 A 文章第二段主要讲是对“老年男人”的概念重新进行了界定。

　　25 E 文章第三段主要讲的是，尽管男人的寿命较之过去延长了，而且我们也知晓老年男人会面临焦虑、孤独以及经济等问题，但相对而言，我们对老年男人的体验还是知之甚少的。

　　26 C 文章第四段主要讲老年男人的健康问题。

　　27 B 从文章的头两段可以得知，现在男人通常比过去更长寿。

　　28 E 文章第二段的头一句讲到，现如今男人65岁仍被视为中年人。

　　29 D 文章第三段讲人们对老年男人的体验仍知之甚少，因此可以说这方面的研究还有待加强。

　　30 A 文章第四段中的第二句说，尽管大多数男人至少患有一种慢性病，但多数仍旧认为自己的健康状况良好。
　　Successful Language Learners

　　Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.

　　First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes.

　　Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.

　　Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.

　　What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.

　　1. Paragraph 1__________

　　2. Paragraph 2__________

　　3. Paragraph 3__________

　　4. Paragraph 4__________

　　A. Ways to Learn a Language Successfully

　　B. Learning a language Purposefully

　　C. Learning a Language Actively

　　D. Learning a Language Independently

　　E. Learning from Mistakes

　　F. Learning to Think in the Target Language

　　5. Successful language learners derive conclusions___________

　　6. Independent Language learners rely on themselves___________

　　7. Active language learners seize every opportunity______________

　　8. The author wrote this text_________________

　　A. to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules

　　B. to expand vocabulary

　　C. to use the target language

　　D. to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully

　　E. from clues

　　F. to say strange things

　　答案: ADCBEACD

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